Infection Prevention Resources
What is Infection Prevention?
Infection prevention is a shared responsibility that involves a variety of measures to reduce the risk of spreading infections. It is a practical, evidence-based approach preventing patients and health workers from being harmed by avoidable infections.
News/Updates Bulletin
- CCDPH Annual Infection Prevention Conference – Wednesday, June 4, 2025 (Save the Date)
- CCDPH/DuPage County Infection Prevention Roundtable – April 30, 2025 (No registration required, Join Teams Meeting )
- IDPH LTC webinar series – March 21, 2025 (Register Here )
- IDPH LTC webinar series – April 4, 2025 (Register Here )
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IDPH Infectious Disease Conference, April 15 and 16, 2025 (Register Here )
Training and Resources for Infection Preventionists
Training Courses for IPs
- Nursing Home Infection Preventionist Training Course – CDC TRAIN – This course will provide IPC training for individuals responsible for IPC programs in nursing homes so they can effectively implement their programs and ensure adherence to recommended practices by front-line staff. The course will include information about the core activities of an effective IPC program, with a detailed explanation of recommended IPC practices to prevent pathogen transmission and reduce healthcare-associated infections and antibiotic resistance in nursing homes.
- Project Firstline Infection Control Training | CDC – Project Firstline offers educational resources in various formats to meet the diverse learning needs and preferences of the healthcare workforce. Resources are designed to empower and enable healthcare workers to think critically about infection control, using adult learning principles, educational best practices, CDC recommendations, and the science that informs them.
- CDC/STRIVE Infection Control Training | Infection Control | CDC – Courses address both the technical and foundational elements of healthcare-associated infections and prevention.
Tools and Other IPC resources
- Infection Prevention Tools and Resources (CDC) – Resources to assist clinicians, administrators, and health department personnel with preventing infections in nursing homes, and other healthcare facilities.
- Long-Term Care Infection Preventionist Essentials Training (APIC) – Infection prevention and control programs in long-term care facilities can help prevent the spread of infection to vulnerable residents. This page contains long-term care infection prevention resources and education for both healthcare professionals and consumers.
- Guidelines Library | Infection Control | CDC
- The Council for Outbreak Response: Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAI) and Antimicrobial-Resistant (AR) Pathogens – CORHA is a multidisciplinary collaboration of national associations and federal agencies working together since 2015 to improve methods to detect, investigate, control and prevent HAI/AR outbreaks.
- Telligen QI Connect – Telligen QI Connect™ provides nursing homes with free technical assistance, including data analysis, quality improvement (QI) coaching, tools and webinars to improve their overall 5-star rating and quality measure ratings on clinical measures for resident care. By facilitating community and nursing home collaboration in QI initiatives and the spread of evidence-based practices
Professional Organizations
- Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology (APIC) – APIC is the professional association for infection preventionists (IPs) with more than 15,000 members. Their mission is to advance the science and practice of infection prevention and control.
- APIC Long-Term Care (LTC) section provides a strong mentor base, support, and resources to assist LTC infection preventionists in implementing excellent infection prevention and control practices within their facilities.
Certification
Having a certification distinguishes you as an expert in ICP. Two certifications are available. Either certification is obtained by taking a test, administered by the Certification Board of Infection Control and Epidemiology (CBIC). Below are descriptions of both with links to testing resources:
- CIC – The Certification in Infection Control and Epidemiology (CIC) is the highest certification an IP can earn, much like a board certification.
- LTC-CIP – IPs working in LTCF should obtain a Long-Term Care Certification in Infection Prevention: LTC-IP, this certification provides a standardized measure of the basic knowledge, skills and abilities expected of professionals working in the field. Prepare for your Long-Term Care Certification in Infection Prevention (LTC-CIP) Exam. APIC offers courses and sells textbooks from which to study. View LTC-CIP APIC Exam Preparation Resources .
CMS 483.80 Infection Control Rules and Regulations
Facilities must establish and maintain an infection prevention and control program designed to provide a safe, sanitary and comfortable environment and to help prevent the development and transmission of communicable diseases and infections.
- Code of Federal Regulations – Infection Control (eCFR :: 42 CFR 483.80)
- CDC National Healthcare Safety Network Long-term Care Facilities (LTCF) Component 
IDPH Web Portal (illinois.gov)
Registration is required for access. To register for a portal account, visit:
Find all your public health-related information at one secure site and join online communities to share files, discussions, calendars and more. Registration is required for access. To register for a portal account, visit: IDPH Web Portal Terms and Conditions (illinois.gov)
Through the IDPH Web Portal, you can also access web-based applications and other resources, including:
- Extensively Drug-Resistant Organisms (XDRO) Registry – The XDRO Registry is an IPC tool created with the purpose to improve surveillance of XDRO and improve inter-facility communications.
- Health Alert Network (Illinois HAN/SIREN) – The Illinois HAN/SIREN provides tools and capacity for rapid, reliable, and secure web-based alerting as well as communication and organization-based health information sharing and collaboration. Siren is the emergency planning, alerting, and notification system for IDPH. Please sign up for SIREN alerts by visiting the link above for registration instructions.
- IDPH bi-weekly webinars for LTCFs – IDPH shares invites with LTCFs monthly, or use your active web portal account, to access the updated webinar schedule and links.
Cook County LTC Roundtable Email Sign-Up
Join CCDPH quarterly to share and discuss your experiences with other professionals facing similar challenges working in LTCFs. Invites are sent 2 weeks prior to the roundtable. To add your email address to our listserv: Email [email protected] or complete the listerv form .
Next meeting: April 30, 2025 – 10 a.m. to 11:30 a.m. Join meeting .
Hand Hygiene
Hand hygiene is considered a primary measure for reducing the risk of transmitting infection among patients and health care personnel.
- APIC Implementation Guide: Guide to Hand Hygiene Programs for Infection Prevention
- CDC Guideline for Hand Hygiene in Healthcare Settings (2002) | Infection Control
- IDPH FAQ: Use of Alcohol-Based Hand Rubs in Illinois Long-Term Care Facilities
- Speedy Audit App: Hand Hygiene Auditing Tool
- World Health Organization World Hand Hygiene Day (May 5)
Environmental Services (Housekeeping)
Professional environmental services in healthcare require continuous training to achieve an infection-free environment. A detailed EVS training process will ensure the EVS staff knows the importance of their role and the established safety standards and regulations that should be followed, whether it’s using cleaning products or handling body fluids/preventing infection transmission.
Below are external links from the CDC and other resources for EVS management and staff training related to infection control and prevention.
Staff Training
- Environmental Cleaning Course WB4224 (cdc.gov) – Describes the important role that the hospital environment can play in pathogen transmission and shares useful concepts to include when optimizing a hospital cleaning and disinfection program
- Environmental Cleaning 101 (cdc.gov) – Environmental Cleaning and Disinfection: Principles of Infection Transmission and the Role of the Environment
- Environmental Cleaning 102 (cdc.gov) – Cleaning and Disinfection Strategies for Non-Critical Surfaces and Equipment
- Environmental Cleaning 103 (cdc.gov) – Using a Quality Improvement Approach to Improve Environmental Cleaning Practices
- Video Series: EVS staff training video series Environmental Cleaning in Healthcare
- Part 1: Set Up the Cleaning Cart
- Part 2: Perform Hand Hygiene
- Part 3: Clean Patient/ Resident Room (Occupied)
- Part 4: Clean Patient/ Resident Room (Discharged)
- Environmental Cleaning Procedures – This chapter provides the current best practices for environmental cleaning procedures in patient care areas, as well as cleaning for specific
- LTC Mini Webinar: Sparkling Surfaces: Stop COVID-19’s Spread (youtube.com) – Keep long-term care and nursing home residents healthy by knowing how and when to clean and disinfect environmental and equipment surfaces
Evaluation Tools
- Facility Specific Cleaning and Disinfecting Matrix – A guide for environmental services workers and other healthcare workers
- Environmental Evaluation Working Group (cdc.gov) – A program to optimize the thoroughness of high-touch surface cleaning as part of terminal room cleaning at the time of discharge or transfer of patients
- CDC Environmental Checklist for Monitoring Terminal Cleaning (PDF) – Checklist evaluating the cleaning of objects in the patient zone.
- CDC Environmental Checklist Word Document
EVS Cleaning Products
Below is a list of EPA-recommended antimicrobial cleaning and disinfecting products: Selected EPA-Registered Disinfectants | US EPA
- List A: Antimicrobial Products Registered with the EPA as Sterilizers
- List B: Antimicrobial Products Registered with EPA – Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB)
- List C: EPA’s Registered Antimicrobial Products – Human HIV-1 Virus
- List D: EPA’s Registered Antimicrobial Products – Human HIV-1 and Hepatitis B Virus
- List E: EPA’s Registered Antimicrobial Products – Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Human HIV-1 and Hepatitis B Virus
- List F: EPA’s Registered Antimicrobial Products – Hepatitis C Virus
- List G: Antimicrobial Products Registered with EPA – Norovirus (Feline calicivirus)
- List H: EPA’s Registered Antimicrobial Products Effective Against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and/or Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus faecalis or faecium (VRE)
- List J: EPA’s Registered Antimicrobial Products for Medical Waste Treatment
- List K: Antimicrobial Products Registered with EPA – Clostridium difficile Spores
- List L: Disinfectants for Use Against Ebola Virus
- List M: Registered Antimicrobial Products with Label Claims for Avian Influenza
- List N: Disinfectants – SARS-CoV-2
- List O: Disinfectants – Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus (RHDV2)
- List P: Antimicrobial Products Registered with EPA – Candida Auris
- List Q: Disinfectants for Emerging Viral Pathogens (EVPs)
Use of Engineering Controls and Indoor Air Quality
Improving ventilation practices and interventions can reduce the airborne concentrations and reduce the risk that residents, visitors, and health care personnel (HCP) come in contact with viral particles.
Approaches include:
- Increasing the introduction of outdoor air.
- Ensuring ventilation systems are operating properly as defined by ASHRAE Standard 62.1.
- Optimizing the use of engineering controls to reduce or to eliminate exposures.
- Exploring options to improve ventilation delivery and indoor air quality in all shared spaces. The higher number of air exchanges per hour will result in better results with respect to purging airborne contaminants. Refer to the CDC suggested options for Air Changes per Hour (ACH).
- Using portable room air cleaners with a High Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) filter to enhance air cleaning. Air cleaners need to have the appropriate CADR (Clean Air Delivery Rate) rating for the room size [e.g., a 300-foot2 room with an 11-foot ceiling will require a portable air cleaner labeled for a room size of at least 415 foot2 (300 × [11/8] = 415)].
- Optimize the use of engineering controls to reduce or eliminate exposures by shielding HCP and other residents from infected individuals. Ensure that barriers are in compliance with the National Fire Protection Agency (NFPA) 101, Life Safety Code (LSC).
- Take measures to limit crowding in communal spaces.
- Encourage social distancing at large gatherings, such as parties or events.
- Explore options, in consultation with facility engineers, to improve ventilation delivery and indoor air quality in resident rooms and all shared spaces.
- Core Recommendations for Reducing Airborne Infectious Aerosol Exposure (ashrae.org)
- Ventilation in Buildings (cdc.gov)
- Respiratory Protection – Overview | Occupational Safety and Health Administration (osha.gov)
Outbreak Identification
What is an outbreak?
The occurrence in a community, facility, workplace or region of a case or cases of an illness in excess of the number usually expected. The number of cases indicating an outbreak or cluster will vary according to the agent, disease, or condition, the site conditions/hazards, size and type of population exposed, previous experience or lack of exposure to the disease, and time and place of occurrence.
Outbreak Definitions
- Acute Respiratory Illness (ARI)
Outbreaks must be reported if they meet the following criteria:- Acute respiratory illness (ARI) or viral respiratory diseases (including outbreaks of COVID-19 , Influenza (Flu) , Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) , parainfluenza, human metapneumovirus, respiratory adenovirus, rhino/enterovirus, or other viral respiratory diseases meeting the outbreak definition)
- Three or more residents and/or staff in a facility who, within 72 hours of each other, have:
- acute respiratory illness (ARI) AND/OR
- positive point-of-care test (as available) or laboratory-positive test for a single virus* AND
- at least one of the cases is a resident
- Food- and Water-Borne Illnesses
An outbreak is defined as any clusters of illnesses in which two or more persons (usually residing in separate households) associated in time and place experience onset of a similar, acute illness (usually gastrointestinal) following ingestion of common food or drink (IDPH Principles and Procedures for Investigating Suspected Outbreaks of Foodborne and Waterborne Illness, 2004).To determine if an outbreak is a confirmed outbreak, see: Confirming an Etiology in Foodborne Outbreaks | Foodborne Outbreaks | CDC - Legionellosis
An outbreak of legionellosis is defined as two or more cases who have an onset of illness linked in time (within 1 year) and who have evidence of a shared exposure during their incubation period, unless laboratory testing rules out an association between cases (e.g. isolates taken from the cases do not match). An epidemiologic investigation should be initiated to identify additional cases and potential sources for Legionella. Often, additional information needs to be obtained before more aggressive environmental health investigations (e.g. sampling and testing for Legionella) are initiated.- Presumptive healthcare: A case with ≥10 days of continuous stay at a healthcare facility during the 14 days before onset of symptoms.
- Possible healthcare: A case that spent a portion of the 14 days before date of symptom onset in one or more healthcare facilities but does not meet the criteria for presumptive healthcare-associated Legionnaires’ disease.
- Norovirus – Acute gastroenteritis (AGE)
An outbreak is defined as two or more AGE cases occurring in a unit with initial dates of onset within 48 hours of each other (norovirus is only one of many viruses and bacteria that can cause AGE). (IDPH Guidelines for the Prevention and Control of Viral Acute Gastroenteritis Outbreaks in Illinois Long-Term Care Facilities, 2012 ). You must be an IDPH web portal user to open this document. - Clostridium Difficile
- At least three persons in the same unit/area of the facility with symptoms consistent with difficileinfection (e.g. diarrhea) within a period of seven days OR five cases within a four-week period AND
- who meet case definition for CDI AND
- when not otherwise ruled out by laboratory identification of other pathogens (e.g. norovirus) among two or more persons. (Clinical presentation should be a component in determination of outbreak etiology.)
- Group A Streptococcus (GAS) Infections : Invasive Disease
The following epi-linked cases with onsets within a 21-day period will meet criteria to count as a confirmed invasive GAS outbreak:- Two or more confirmed cases with GAS isolated from a sterile site OR
- At least one invasive GAS case (isolate from sterile site) and at least one invasive disease in the absence of another identified etiology with isolation of GAS from a non-sterile site (e.g. Necrotizing fasciitis with isolation from wound).
- Scabies
- Confirmed outbreak definition:
- One case of healthcare-provider-diagnosed Norwegian (crusted) scabies, OR
- TWO or more symptomatic persons with epi-linked exposure AND
- At least TWO are skin scraping positive.
- Suspect outbreak definition:
- Two or more symptomatic persons with epi-linked exposure AND
- None of the affected persons are diagnosed with Norwegian (crusted) scabies AND
- Only ONE person is skin scraping positive, OR Healthcare provider diagnosis of scabies (either skin scraping is not performed or skin scraping performed with negative results) AND
- Scabicide treatment is ordered for TWO or more persons.
- Confirmed outbreak definition:
Communicable Disease Reporting
Mandated reporters, such as health care providers, hospitals and laboratories must report any suspected or confirmed case of these diseases to CCDPH within the number of days or hours indicated in parentheses. See the IDPH Reportable Diseases poster, available for download.
To report a communicable disease to CCDPH, call 708-836-8699. To report an urgent communicable disease matter after hours, call: 708-836-8600 , Option 3 and follow the prompts.
Healthcare-associated Infections (HAIs) and Multidrug-resistant Organisms (MDROs)
Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are infections patients can get while receiving medical treatment. These infections are a major threat to patient safety and are often preventable.
Antimicrobial resistance is the ability of microorganisms (germs) to change and adapt so that medications used to treat them are not able to kill them anymore. Antimicrobial resistance includes resistance to antibacterial, antiviral, antiparasitic and antifungal drugs.
- Facility Guidance for Control of Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE): Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) | HAIs | CDC
- Infection Control Guidance: Candida auris | Candida auris (C. auris) | CDC
- Inter-Facility Infection Control Transfer Form for States Establishing HAI Prevention Collaboratives | CDC
- Healthcare-associated Infections (HAIs) & Antimicrobial Resistance (AR) Prevention Program | Illinois.gov
- Implementation of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Use in Nursing Homes to Prevent Spread of Multidrug-resistant Organisms (MDROs) | LTCFs | CDC
- Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) about Enhanced Barrier Precautions in Nursing Homes | LTCFs | CDC
- A Toolkit for Implementing Personal Protective Equipment in Nursing Homes to Prevent the Spread of Multidrug- and Extensively Drug-Resistant Organisms | IDPH
Antibiotic Stewardship
Antibiotic stewardship is the effort to measure and improve how antibiotics are prescribed by clinicians and used by patients. Improving antibiotic prescribing and use is critical to effectively treat infections, protect patients from harms caused by unnecessary antibiotic use, and combat antibiotic resistance.
- Judi cious Use of Antimicrobial Agents | CDC
- Core Elements of Antibiotic Stewardship for Nursing Homes| CDC
- Antibiotic Stewardship for Nursing Homes CHECKLIST | CDC
- Antibiotic Prescribing and Use – Patient Resources and Education |CDC
- Healthcare Professional Resources and Training | CDC
- Healthcare-associated Infections (HAIs) & Antimicrobial Resistance (AR) Prevention Program | IDPH
Infection Control and Response Assessment (ICAR)
Infection Control Assessment and Response (ICAR) tools are used to systematically assess a healthcare facility’s infection prevention and control (IPC) practices and guide quality improvement activities (e.g., by addressing identified gaps).
Updated March 13, 2025, 2:38 PM