Sickle Cell Awareness Day: Know the Facts, Get Screened, Stay Informed
Today is Sickle Cell Awareness Day—a time to raise awareness about a serious, inherited blood disorder that affects thousands of people across the U.S., especially in the Black community.
What Is Sickle Cell Disease?
Sickle cell disease is a group of genetic blood disorders that affect hemoglobin, the protein that carries oxygen in red blood cells. Instead of moving smoothly through blood vessels, sickle-shaped cells become hard and sticky, causing blockages that can lead to severe pain, stroke, organ damage, and other complications.
Who Is Affected?
In the U.S., nine out of 10 people with sickle cell disease are of African descent. In suburban Cook County, Black residents made up 93% of hospitalizations related to sickle cell disease between 2018 and 2022, according to Cook County Department of Public Health data. These disparities show the importance of education, early detection, and access to care.
The Importance of Screening
Early diagnosis and care can greatly improve outcomes for individuals living with sickle cell disease. There are several ways to get screened:
Newborn Screening: Conducted 24–48 hours after birth using a small blood sample from the baby’s heel.
Prenatal Testing: Performed as early as 8–10 weeks into pregnancy to check if the fetus carries the sickle cell gene.
Blood and Genetic Testing: Adults who are unsure if they carry the sickle cell gene can get a simple blood test.
Living with Sickle Cell Disease
There is no universal cure for sickle cell disease, but people can take steps to stay healthier:
- Visit a health care provider regularly to monitor symptoms and prevent complications.
- Access mental health support to manage emotional challenges.
- Stay up to date with vaccines and preventive antibiotics to protect against serious infections, especially in children.
Take Action
Sickle Cell Awareness Day is a reminder of the power of early detection, regular care, and informed choices. If you or your family may be at risk, talk to a health care provider about screening options.
Learn more about sickle cell disease and available resources at
www.cookcountypublichealth.org/sickle-cell-disease.